2025-07-19 22:09
<br/>
Tags: #Event #Israel #Palestine
# Qibya Massacre
- The Qibya Massacre was a massacre of Palestinians by the IDF on October 5, 1953.
- The massacre was executed as a revenge operation in response to fedayeen terror attacks on Israel.
- The Palestinian fedayeen - "those who self sacrifice"- had been infiltrating Israel with the backing of Egypt since the early 50s.
- The Fedayeen were the immediate Palestinian guerilla-resistance to Israel after the [[1948 Arab Israeli War]].
- In the summer of 1953, [[David Ben-Gurion]] established a new and secret IDF detail which would deal with punitive operations against fedayeen and appointed a young future Prime Minister [[Ariel Sharon]] to command it.
- After a rocky start to Sharon's group, he gets the greenlight to form an elite commando unit with himself in full control.
- [[Unit 101]] came into being on August 10, 1953 with Sharon fully unleashed.
- In the fall of 1953, a fedayeen attack killing a woman and two children in the West Bank was used as the pretext for Sharon.
- Sharon picked the village Qibya to destroy at random as retaliation.
- On October 15, 1953, [[Ariel Sharon]] led [[Unit 101]] into Qibya with thousands of pounds of explosives.
- The Jews proceeded to explode houses and kill dozens of civilians, 69 total.
- Sharon personally ordered "maximal killing and damage to property."
![[image-56.png|394x282]]
*Ariel Sharon center left and Moshe Dayan center right 1956*
### After the Raid
- After the raid, the world reacted in horror with the UN security council and the State Dept vocally condemning Israel and revoking aid.
- [[David Ben-Gurion]] lied about the raid claiming it was rogue Israelis and that "All IDF units were at their bases."
- In private Ben Gurion and IDF chief of staff [[Moshe Dayan]], who played a role in the massacre's planning, were more than pleased with Sharon and the raid.
- Sharon was promoted for his actions.
- Defense Minister Pinhas Lavon described the raid "the most successful military operation" even though it was a "political failure."
- [[Unit 101]] was merged with the Paratroopers Brigade and its tactics were seen as a model going forward for the IDF.
![[image-54.png|386x255]]
*After the raid*
## Recommended Reading
Rise and Kill First - Ronen Bergman (chapter 3)
#### References
- Bergman, Ronen. _Rise and Kill First: The Secret History of Israel’s Targeted Assassinations_. Translated by Ronnie Hope. New York: Random House, 2018. pp. 42-46.
- **“Unit 101.”** _Wikipedia_. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_101](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_101).
- **“Qibya massacre,”** _Wikipedia_, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qibya_massacre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qibya_massacre).